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Should Northwest Cities Ban Fracked Gas in New Buildings?

ban fracked gas cities homes Pacific Northwest
A ban on new natural gas infrastructure is a first step toward untangling North American cities from reliance on fossil fuels.

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There’s little debate that the global climate cannot afford to keep burning fossil fuels for decades to come. Yet even in North America’s most climate-enlightened precincts, there’s a ferocious debate about how to stop making the problem worse. Witness Seattle, where city councilmember Mike O’Brien recently attempted to outlaw gas installations in new buildings (except restaurants). He was met with a flood of opposition so overwhelming that the bill is now tabled until December 2019, at the earliest.

A few cities in California have moved ahead. Berkeley, San Jose, Menlo Park, and Santa Monica have all enacted prohibitions of various kinds to prevent developers from installing gas infrastructure in new buildings. Santa Rosa may be among those that go next and there are a handful of places in Massachusetts—including Cambridge, Brookline, and Lexington—considering the same move. So far none have developed laws to reduce or phase out existing gas infrastructure.

These cities could be the start of something, but their actions can be contrasted starkly to larger trends in the gas industry. Despite clear evidence that modern-day natural gas is no better for the atmosphere than coal or oil, the industry is expanding almost everywhere, building out new infrastructure designed to operate for 30 years, a half-century, or even longer. Despite recent financial setbacks, the industry is still racing ahead in big fracking and petrochemical regions like Appalachia, the Gulf Coast, and northwest Canada.

The Pacific Northwest is hardly better. In 2017, the most recent year for which complete data are available, the region used record amounts of gas and residential gas consumption has been steadily growing for decades. The industry forecasts even more growth this year—and it’s only just begun. In Washington, policymakers are still torn about allowing big expansions for the gas industry, including a new pipeline in Snohomish County, a new LNG facility in Tacoma, and a giant gas-to-methanol project in Kalama. In Oregon, officials are considering permitting an LNG export terminal in Coos Bay that would be the single-biggest carbon polluter in the state.

All of it hastens the Northwest toward a serious jam: we know we can’t continue using fossil fuels for much longer, but we’re still letting carbon entangle our economy in ways that make it more difficult to break free. It’s like we’re standing in the checkout line ready to buy a case of beer and a box of donuts while vowing to eat healthier.

A ban on gas in new buildings is a commonsense first step that applies to any chronic problem: you stop making it worse. Plus, as Justin Gillis and Bruce Nilles pointed out in a recent op-ed in the New York Times, there’s no reason we still need to burn gas in our homes. Excellent new technologies like heat pumps and induction stoves are not only cleaner, healthier, and more efficient, but they’re more affordable to operate. The principal barrier to phasing out gas now is not technical but political. It’s the gas industry, including the utilities that profit from selling gas, and some building trade groups.

Still, the bans don’t go far enough. They leave untouched the bigger problem of existing fossil fuel use: what do we do about all the gas infrastructure that’s already installed and operating? Under the streets of every major city in the Northwest (and across North America), you can find a dense spiderweb of gas lines that connect our homes and businesses and shops to faraway fracking wells. Untangling that relationship will be trickier than a simple ban and it will require subtler strategies. In a follow-up article, I will explore a hidden strategy that local governments can use to rid themselves of gas over time, starting with “franchise agreements,” the in-the-weeds contract agreements that govern the way utilities can operate in our cities and towns.

Eric de Place is Sightline’s Director of Thin Green Line. He is a leading expert on coal, oil, and gas export plans in the Pacific Northwest, particularly on fossil fuel transport issues, including carbon emissions, local pollution, transportation system impacts, rail policy, and economics. For questions or media inquiries about Eric’s work, contact Sightline Communications Manager Anne Christnovich.

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Eric de Place

Eric de Place spearheaded Sightline’s work on energy policy for two decades.

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Sightline Institute is an independent, nonpartisan, nonprofit think tank providing leading original analysis of democracy, forests, energy, and housing policy in the Pacific Northwest, Alaska, British Columbia, and beyond.

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